A ll basic biochemical & physiological functions (movement, digestion, etc.) are carried out inside the cells. A ll cells are mostly the same in chemical composition and metabolic activities. The modern cell theory evolved our knowledge by identifying that: c ells carry genetic material passed to daughter cells during cellular division. The development in the technology of microscopes promoted the evolution of the unified cell theory to give us a modern understanding of cells. It allowed scientists to study organisms at the level of their molecules and led to the emergence of the field of microbiology and molecular biology. They could even see individual molecules and atoms. Then, in the 1950s, the electron microscope was invented that enabled scientists to observe tiny objects. Objects much smaller than cells, including the structures inside cells, were too small to be seen in a light microscope. However, by the late 1800s, light microscopes had reached their limit. As microscopes continued to improve, more discoveries encompassed the cells of living things, and the cell theory became more profound. The pioneering scientific work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow made them the founders of the unified cell theory in the 1800s. Starting with Robert Hooke’s imaging of cork cells with a microscope in the 1600s, the microscope opened up the world of life at the level of the cell. Cell theory promoted the study of cells and the field of cell biology and microbiology.
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